⑴ 토양미생물 [土壤微生物, soil microbes]
①방선균 [放線菌, Actinomyces]
방선균은 세균과 같은 원핵세포로 되어 있는 하등 생물 중의 하나이다. 그러나 원핵세포형이나 세포벽의 구성 등은 세균과 흡사하나 균사를 형성하는 것은 곰팡이와 비슷하여 세균과 곰팡이의 중간 생물로 취급되는 경우도 있
military base
Layer : contaminated layer on the ground
water surface
Concentration reductions and constituent concentrations are difficult to achieve.
May not be effective for high constituent concentrations
Presence of significant heavy metal concentrations may inhibit microbial growth.
Volatile constituents tend to evaporate
Requires a large land area
microbial reduction.
It can also be reduced to nitrite and nitrous oxide gas by abiotic reactions, but in the subsurface these reactions are minor compared to biological denitrification.
Denitrification tends to be ubiquitous in surface water, soil, and groundwater.
It is controlled by the local biogeochemical conditions.
Denitrifying bacteria consume organic pollutants during denitrification.
The Human Gastrointestinal Tract인간의 소화기관
consists of stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
위, 작은 창자, 큰 창자로 구성되어 있다.
Responsible for
Digestion of food 음식물 소화
Absorption of nutrients 영양소 흡수
Production of nutrients by the indigenous microbial flora
고유미생물에 의한 영양소 생산
Contains 1013 to 1014
microbial metabolism
- First, Organisms should be selected, these organisms use stinking material and various chemicals for nutrient, next, odorants enter the filter, so meet layer of organism and water, then odorants are eliminated by dissolution, organism adsorption, and decomposition. Organisms use odorants as nutrient for generation of energy and breeding. In this process, Byproduct is rele
reduction of U(VI) sorbed to
synthetic Fe(3) oxides and highly Fe(3) oxide-enriched
natural materials
U(VI) reduction was generally slower and less extensive in the presence of natural soil or sediment materials
☞ Compared to more Fe-rich materials.
Comparison with heat-killed systems indicated that continued reduction of U(VI) in the live systems
☞ Ongoing DMRB activity
Environmental factors
organic matter (source of carbon and energy)
oxygen availability
nutrient (N,S, P) availability
temperature
pH
Eh
salinity
water activity
The addition of nutrients and electron acceptors
Stimulate activities that promote degradation of pollutant by the indigenous or existing microbial populations in the contaminated area
The addition of specific metabolic ca
제한효소나 PCR을 할 수 있게 해준 Taq polymerase가 그 예이다. 이에 따라 많은 생물학자들이 미생물의 연구로부터 미생물의 유용물질을 연구하고 있다. 따라서 우리는 이러한 미생물을 연구하기 위해서 특정 지역(우리는 대한민국 서울 연세대학교의 연세 역사의 뜰(Figure 1))에서 Soil을 채취해 왔다.